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Difficulty: Hard

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Two opposing theories of vision divided scholars for many centuries.
The ancient Greek mathematician Euclid (circa 300 BCE) supported the extramission theory.
This theory held that the eyes emit a form of radiation that illuminates objects in its range.
The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 BCE) supported the intromission theory.
This theory held that objects emit a form of radiation that reaches the eyes.
In the eleventh century, Arab mathematician Ibn al-Haytham (965–1040 CE) largely settled the debate with the first conclusive experiments supporting intromission.

The student wants to provide a historical overview of the two theories. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Scholars were divided between the extramission and intromission theories of vision until Ibn al-Haytham’s eleventh-century experiments largely settled the debate in support of intromission.

Through two opposing theories of vision—extramission and intromission—Euclid, Aristotle, and Ibn al-Haytham held that a form of radiation is emitted either from objects or from the eyes.

While Ibn al-Haytham largely settled the debate in the eleventh century, Aristotle supported the theory of intromission centuries before.

Before the eleventh century, the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle supported the intromission theory, which held that objects emit a form of radiation that reaches the eyes.

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Explanation

Choice A is the best answer. The sentence provides a historical overview of the two theories, noting that scholars were divided between them before Ibn al-Haytham’s experiments supporting intromission largely settled the debate in the eleventh century.

Choice B is incorrect. While the sentence identifies the two theories and the scholars that supported them, it doesn’t provide a historical overview of the theories. Choice C is incorrect. While the sentence indicates Aristotle supported intromission theory centuries before Ibn al-Haytham settled the debate, it doesn’t mention extramission theory or provide a historical overview of both theories. Choice D is incorrect. The sentence provides information about intromission theory but doesn’t mention extramission theory or provide a historical overview of both theories.